War And Psychology Essays - Christian Fiction, The Screwtape Letters

War And Psychology The experience of war places stresses on the human spirit that can scarcely be imagined in peacetime. Dilemmas that can be largely avoided in time of peace must be faced in a time of war. Concern for one's own physical safety is often at odds with concern for the wellbeing of one's countrymen. The dictates of the mind often fight the dictates of the emotions. In such a tug of war situation, where practical and moral factors align themselves in strange and ironic patterns, it is hardly surprising that individuals respond in highly divergent ways. In this paper, the dangers that war poses to the human psyche will be considered and an attempt will be made to account for the some of the variability that can be seen in the way in which individuals respond to these threats. An examination of two books suggests that certain character traits help inoculate people in time of war, better enabling them to withstand the assaults of war. It also suggests that the absence of certain traits makes people vulnerable when they are placed in threatening circumstances. In examining two literary works: The Screwtape Letters by C.S. Lewis and The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje three character traits that were necessary in order to ensure spiritual survival were clearly shown. These traits were faith, courage, and loyalty. In the course of this paper, special attention will be given to the character traits described above. The significance of their presence or absence in the personalities of a number of literary characters will be considered. In The Screwtape Letters, Lewis' portrays an anonymous English protagonist struggling to maintain his spiritual integrity against the assaults of temptations of Hell during World War Two. In The English Patient, Ondaatje portrays a group of characters, brought together by their circumstances, reacting to what the author portrays as the tidal wave of war. The importance of faith, courage and loyalty enable Lewis' character to spiritually survive all the assaults of wartime. The absence of these characteristics cause Ondaatje's characters to flounder. Faith, courage and loyalty provide a necessary framework for moral thought and action, enabling the soul to survive even under the adverse conditions presented by war. C.S. Lewis deals extensively with the dangers that war poses to the human psyche. In his wartime work entitled The Screwtape Letters, he presents an essentially hopeful view concerning the ability of the soul to survive the assaults of war. He proposes that having the right perspective is the key to the soul's survival. Lewis deals with a wide variety of temptations that serve to undermine the integrity of man in his journey through life. All of these temptations assert their power to some degree in peacetime. Yet, their power is often strengthened by the pressures of war. In The English Patient, Michael Ondaatje presents an entirely different perspective concerning the effects of war on the human psyche. Although he never spells it out, Ondaatje seems to take a fairly deterministic view. The fate of his characters often seems to lie beyond their control. It is almost as if his characters have been struck by a giant tidal wave and are helpless to resist as they are carried away. The reader seldom gets the impression that Ondaatje's characters have alternatives other than to think and act the way they do. They are presented as victims of circumstances who warrant our compassion but not our judgment. Each leaves the war deeply scarred in the spiritual sense. In the work of C.S. Lewis, faithfulness to God is the factor that ensures the soul's survival. Lewis describes the danger of being overwhelmed by "the stream of immediate sense experiences" (Lewis pg.12). A man's tendency to focus on the immediate and the personal at the expense of the universal threatens his ability to survive in any spiritual sense. When focusing on his own inconvenience, hunger and pain, a man tends to lose sight of broader concerns, such as his spiritual wellbeing and the common good. Faith enables a man to focus on the spiritual and the eternal, to face each day's trials with commitment and determination and to survive war with his psyche intact. Lewis grapples with the paradox of war. Lewis argues convincingly that, while some may be destroyed by war, others may actually experience spiritual growth through adversity. Alerted to the finite nature of life and made more conscious of the needs of others, a man's faith and strength may flourish in ways that he never dreamed possible. Lewis dispels the belief that

How did the design of the Colosseum relate to its public function and to its symbolic meaning Essays

How did the design of the Colosseum relate to its public function and to its symbolic meaning Essays How did the design of the Colosseum relate to its public function and to its symbolic meaning Paper How did the design of the Colosseum relate to its public function and to its symbolic meaning Paper next was the Ionic order which was slender and above that was the Corinthian , which was the most noticeably slender of all. The Articulation of the Colosseum added to its delight as hugely decorated walls seemed inviting, making it seem welcome and not so imposing but also added to the beauty of the building. The symmetry of the exterior with the use of columns and entablatures added to its appeal. The symbolic meaning of the Colosseum as a statement of imperial splendour was further enhanced by its size and its location in the centre of the city, placing it literally and symbolically in the centre of Rome. What attitude towards the Roman games did the ancient writers express? How would you account for the differences and similarities between these attitudes? The Games were an integral part of the Roman way of life for over 500 years. They were a way of expressing Roman citizenship and a celebration of the power and wealth of the Roman Empire. They were an important factor in reinforcing the might of the Empire. There were a variety of viewpoints in the attitudes towards the Roman games expressed by ancient writers. The backing of the Emperor was an element of the games that was seen to be politically wise to praise. Martialis shamelessly flatters his patron Domitian, A treacherous lion had harmed his master with his ingrate mouth, daring to violate the hands he knew so well: but he paid a fitting penalty. Martial is praising the use of public executions played out in the amphitheatre. He also is in awe of the fast moving sets and scenery, But a short while hence you will be saying: Here but lately was the sea. He seems wholeheartedly in favour of the games and sees no wrong in the public executions, wild beast attacking criminals and the public displays of sexual intercourse. However in stark contrast to Martialiss view, Apeleius seems tormented and utterly horrified with the events about to take place in the arena, besides the contagion of the damnable polluted woman, I was greatly tormented by the fear of death. It could be argued that the differences in opinion could be due to the fact that Martialis narrates as a spectator, whereas Apeleius makes the events more personal and brings them to life by narrating them in the first person, making them seen even more gruesome and horrendous. Apeleius seems repulsed at the extravagance yet also in awe of the might and generosity of Demochares preparing for a public show, He lavishly tended and fed all those bears with the utmost care. You could see the animal wreckage of their moribund carcasses lying scattered in most of the streets. Pliny expresses positive views of the games and expresses admiration for the way in which they are executed well, much like the views of Martialis, You have also done admirably in giving the show so readily and on such a lavish scale, for this indicates a true sense of generosity. Pliny was senator in Rome so his political allegiance to the Emperor influenced his opinions of the Games. Suetonius again seems impressed by the games and events that take place in the Colosseum. He was a member of the upper class so had a strong affiliation with the Emperor which would seem a likely reason for his positive comments. The whole body of the people in particular he treated with such indulgence on all occasions, Suetonius seems to imply that the Emperor was most benevolent and was constantly seeking to please his spectators. Although Cicero was a politician, publicly he stated a positive interest in the games, but privately he seemed to be repulsed by the vulgarity and brutality of them. The extract to a friend expresses his shame and resignation to the fact that the games will continue, And we who were there saw nothing new. But what pleasure can it be to a man of refinement when either a powerless man is torn by a very powerful beast. In the Tusculan Disputations, Cicero tries to justify the Games but one cant help but think that he is grappling with his conscience. His comment about how the games where criminals killed one another in some way acted as a deterrent for others. At least among those addressed not to the ears but to the eyes. Statius a writer for the Emperors court expresses his views rather emotionally, making the games seem more than just an event. He discusses in detail the effect the slayings have on the Emperor, the loss of one lion alone drew a tear from mighty Caesars eye. He almost brings the event to life, writing of the slow death and bravery of the lion. Senecas views are refreshingly honest; he is able to be as frank as he virtually ruled Rome for five years on behalf of Emperor Nero. This would explain his views; his dialogue implies the games were put on to satisfy the masses, it is they that wanted the butchery and slayings. He implies the masses are creatures of ill repute associating with crowds is dangerous: someone is bound to seduce us with some vice. He refers to his immortal god which is rare as all the other writers refer to no higher being than the Emperor. Seneca seems to understand the minds of the masses and understands the need for such events, but is also aware that the games are only possible due to the participants being almost wild and untamed, be they human or animal, Give the Immortal Gods thanks that you are giving a lesson in cruelty to a man who cannot learn it. The last extract by St Augustine implies the game were wicked and evil, turning the good into bad and condemning their souls forever. He implies that the games were addictive and turned even the hardiest opponents. They became so embedded in the souls of the spectators that they were almost like addicts, not satisfied until their next dosage. In conclusion the overall impression is that the ancient writers expressed their views in correlation to their political affiliations. The main body of comments seem to find something positive in the games, and present them as a much needed part of Roman Society, to ensure the masses had a means of escapism from everyday toils. It was an effective and successful way of controlling crime, and maintaining order and control in society.

About Zaha Hadid, First Woman Architect to Win a...

About Zaha Hadid, First Woman Architect to Win a... Born in Baghdad, Iraq in 1950, Zaha Hadid was the first woman to win a Pritzker Architecture Prize AND the first woman to win a Royal Gold Medal in her own right. Her work experiments with new spatial concepts and encompasses all fields of design, ranging from urban spaces to products and furniture. At the age of 65, young for any architect, she died suddenly of a heart attack. Background: Born: October 31, 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq Died: March 31, 2016 in Miami Beach, Florida Education: 1977: Diploma Prize, Architectural Association (AA) School of Architecture in LondonStudied mathematics at the American University of Beirut in Lebanon prior to moving to London in 1972 Selected Projects: From parking garages and ski-jumps to vast urban landscapes, Zaha Hadids works have been called bold, unconventional, and theatrical. Zaha Hadid studied and worked under Rem Koolhaas, and like Koolhaas, she often brings a deconstructivist approach to her designs. Since 1988, Patrik Schumacher had been Hadids closest design partner. Schumacher is said to have coined the tern parametricism to describe the curvaceous, computer-aided designs of Zaha Hadid Architects. Since Hadids death, Schumacher is leading the company to fully embrace parametric design in the 21st Century. 1993: A fire station for the Vitra Company in Weil am Rhein, Germany2000: Inaugural Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, London, UK2001: Terminus Hoenheim-Nord, a park and ride and tramway on the outskirts of Strasbourg, France2002: Bergisel Ski Jump, Austria2003: The Richard and Lois Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art in Cincinnati, Ohio2005: Phà ¦no Science Center in Wolfsburg, Germany2008: Pedestrian Bridge and Exposition Pavilions, Zaragoza, Spain2009: MAXXI: National Museum of 21st Century Arts, Rome, Italy2010: Sheikh Zayed Bridge, Abu Dhabi, UAE2010: Guangzhou Opera House, China2011: Riverside Museum of Transport, Glasgow, Scotland2011: Aquatics Centre, London, United Kingdom; and post-Olympic reconfiguration in 20142011: CMA CGM Corporate Headquarters, Marseille, France2012: Pierres Vives, Montpellier, France2012: Heydar Aliyev Center, Baku, Azerbaijan2012: Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University in East Lansing2012: Galaxy SOHO, Beijing, China2013: Hadid Res idences for CityLife, Milan, Italy 2014: Messner Mountain Museum at Plan de Corones, South Tyrol, Italy2017: Expected completion of Hadid Tower, office skyscraper for CityLife, Milan, Italy2017: Expected completion of One Thousand Museum Condos, Miami, Florida2022: (proposed) al-Wakrah Stadium, Qatar Other Works: Zaha Hadid is also known for her exhibition designs, stage sets, furniture, paintings, drawings, and shoe designs. Partnerships: Zaha Hadid worked at the Office for Metropolitan Architecture (OMA) with her former teachers, Rem Koolhaas and Elia ZenghelisIn 1979, Zaha Hadid opened her own practice, Zaha Hadid Architects. Patrik Schumacher joined her in 1988. Working with senior office partner, Patrik Schumacher, Hadids interest lies in the rigorous interface between architecture, landscape, and geology as her practice integrates natural topography and human-made systems, leading to experimentation with cutting-edge technologies. Such a process often results in unexpected and dynamic architectural forms.- Resnicow Schroeder Major Awards and Honors: 1982: Gold Medal Architectural Design, British Architecture for 59 Eaton Place, London2000: Honourable Member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters2002: Commander of the British Empire2004: Pritzker Architecture Prize2010, 2011: Stirling Prize, Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)2012: Order of the British Empire, Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) for services to Architecture2016: Royal Gold Medal, RIBA Learn More: Zaha Hadid was the first woman to win a Pritzker Architecture Prize. Learn more from Citation from the 2004 Pritzker Prize Jury.Zaha Hadid: Form in Motion by Kathryn B. Hiesinger (Philadelphia Museum of Art), Yale University Press, 2011 (catalog of commercial designs, made between 1995 and 2011)Zaha Hadid: Minimum Series by Margherita Guccione, 2010Zaha Hadid and Suprematism, Exhibition Catalog, 2012Zaha Hadid: Complete Works Source: Resnicow Schroeder biography, 2012 press release at resnicowschroeder.com/rsa/upload/PM/645_Filename_BIO%20-%20Zaha%20Hadid%20Oct%202012.pdf [accessed November 16, 2012]

Three useful knots for camping (demonstrate) Essay

Three useful knots for camping (demonstrate) - Essay Example An example of shoe laces can be taken here when the laces are crossed against each other. Similarly another overhand knot is tied to put the left end of the rope over and under the right one. The ropes are pulled together to form a square knot afterwards (Filip 2013). Clove Hitch is another knot which is used to hold objects to where they are required. The object to be roped is first taken and the rope is passed beneath it to give it a wrap. The rope is then crossed for a second time to give the second wrap in the form of an X so that both the wraps leap each other. After that a third wrap is given and the end of the rope is put in between of the X. Both the ends are then pulled to give a Clove Hitch (Filip 2013). The last know is known as Bowline and is very helpful for the campers and mountaineers. The rope is first taken and a loop is made by the rope itself. The rope end is then put through the loop and then put again in the loop to align with the main end. The rope is then pulled to give a tight knot known as Bowline (Filip 2013). Tkaczyk, Filip. "Camping Knots for Wilderness Survival."Â  Wilderness Survival School | Alderleaf Wilderness College - Survival Courses. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2013.

Digital Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Digital Marketing - Essay Example Digital marketing strategy for GAME which is a UK based gaming retail organization which commenced its operations under the ownership of The Game Group Plc. in 1991. By briefly evaluating the current digital marketing activities of the firm, the content of this report is guided through the identification of limitations in the organization’s current digital marketing policies so as to generate an examination on how the firm can improve its strategy for fulfilling organizational objectives. Furthermore, the report also draws the establishment of an effective and successful digital marketing strategy by focusing on setting SMART objectives. According to Richman (2011), the establishment of precise and well-defined organizational objectives is important for acknowledging and taking into account what the firm hopes to achieve by the implementation of a specific strategy. Thus, the setting of objectives must fulfill the criterion that has been set by SMART objectives such that the aims should be â€Å"†¦Specific, Measurable, Agreed Upon, Realistic and Time/Cost limited† (Richman 2011, p. 65). With regard to the prior assessment which was conducted in relation with GAME’S current digital marketing strategy, the conclusions of the report were able to establish that the organization’s website is marked and characterized by certain limitations and weaknesses that must be addressed effectively and immediately as a part of the enhancement and improvement measures in GAME’s present digital marketing policy. Most importantly, the conclusions of the report were able to outline that while the organization’s website provides potential visitors with an extensive amount of information on the homepage, there are several weaknesses in website functionality and features which may be preventing visitors from fully accessing online material and benefitting from the availability of the medium. From a concise perspective, it can be identified that problems in GAME’S

Management Information System to Organisations Essay Example for Free

Management Information System to Organisations Essay Management information system is essential for creating competitive firms, managing global corporations, and providing useful products and services to customers. (Laudon, 2002,P1) It provides information figure of reports and displays to managers. For example, sales managers may use their computer workstations to get sales results of their products and to access weekly sales analysis reports, and then evaluate sales made by each salesperson. Management information systems arose in the 1970s to focus on computer-based information systems aimed at managers. (Laudon, 2002, P15). Because of the growths of the Internet, globalisations of trade, and the rise of information economies, have to improve the role of information systems in business and management. And then it needs pays attention to organisation management information that issues raised by sociology, economics, environment and psychology. An organization is a stable, formal social structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce outputs. (Laudon, 2002,P87) This essay will be evaluating the contribution of Management Information System to Organisations. Like as What relationship between information and managers job; computer networks importance for management information development; different types of management information systems to use differences and how it is impact and limitation of information systems. Firstly, before organisation Management Information need to understand it that have four factors determine the usefulness of information a manager: quality, timeliness, completeness, and relevance (Gareth, 2000,P613) Accuracy and reliability determine the quality of information. (Gareth, 2000,P613) tell us higher quality of information need have greater accuracy and reliability. The greater accuracy and reliabilitys information will bring correct decision for manager. For example, accounting informstions, information as accuracy refers to the extent to which information effectively represents a situation as it really is, the accuracy of each source of data used varied widely.((Volking, 1993, P8) The source where accuracy posed the greatest problem was the marketing database.So I think usefulness informations need have accuracy and  reliability, accuracy and reliability determine the quality of information. Information that is timely is available when it is needed for managerial action, not after the decision has been made (Gareth, 2000,P614) In todays speedily changing world and technology s developing, lead to information changing frequently. Real-time Information is reflecting current conditions. (Gareth, 2000,P614) For example, productions price changing frequently in marketing because manager wants to make profit in competitions marketing. So manager should be pay attention to informations changing. Catch Real-time information is very importance. Look at timeliness in accounting Timeliness: accounting information should be made available to external decision-makers before it loses its capacity to influence decisions. (Dyckman, 1992, P44) Like the news of the world, old financial information never carries the same impact fresh information carries. Otherwise lack of timeliness reduces relevance. Information that is complete gives managers all the information they need to exercise control, achieve coordination, or make an effective decision. (Gareth, 2000,P615) informations completive will provided good help to manager to decision. When you set up a new business, look at complete information is importance. Such as, how is this productions sold, how long can make profit and how much capital need put in this company at first time. Also information in accounting system also need pay attenation to informations completetive. Information that is relevant is useful and suits a managers particular needs and circumstances (Gareth, 2000,P615) It can make a difference in a users decision. Relevance refers to the capacity of accounting information to make different to external decision-makers who use financial reports. They use accounting information with either or both of two viewpoints in mind: Forecasting what the economic future is likely to hold. Confirming the accuracy of past forecasts. Stated more technically, relevant accounting information help users to make predictions about future events, to confirm or correct prior expectations, and to evaluate current conditions. (Dyckman, 1992, P43) In my opinion, relevant is most importance, because if the data are not relevant to the task at hand, manager will be make mistake by these wrong information, and west time in wrong decisions. And then will bring some problem for this company s operation. Information decision, control and coordination Secondly, information technologys development is importance for management information development. Because the growths of the Internet, globalisations of trade, and the rise of information economies, it have to improve the role of information systems in business and management. Software is the detailed instructions that control the operation of a computer system. Without software, computer hardware could not perform the tasks we associate with computers. The functions of software are to (1) manage the computer resources of the organisation (2) provide tools for human beings to take advantage of these resources, and (3) act as an intermediary between organisations and stored information. Selecting suitable software for the organisation is a key management decision. (Laudon, 2002,P172) Thirdly, different types of management information systems to use differences: a transaction-processing system is a system designed to handle large volumes of routine, recurring transactions. (Gareth, 2000,P625) For example, managers use transaction- processing system to record sale of items and path inventory levels, employee record keeping, and payroll. A management information system that gathers, organize, and summarizes comprehensive data in a from that managers can use in their nonroutine coordinating, controlling, and decision-making task.(Gareth, 2000,P626) Operational Systems are concerned with transaction handling and the  day-to-day operation of the organisation, usually for a particular department within the organisation. Data are entered and stored in a file format, and are updated regularly during routine processing. Example, Producing invoices and monthly reports for operational-level managers, and fortnightly payroll cheques. The major disadvantage of this system is that they are inflexible and so not able to be adapted easily to do new tasks, or expected tasks earlier than usual. They also do not support any decision-making advice ability for tactical and strategic-level managers. Most companies today have gone beyond this system. (Long, 1994,P365-397) Decision support systems give direct computer support to managers during the decision-making process. For example advertising managers may use an electronic database packs up to do what, if analysis as they test the impact of other advertising budgets on the forecasted sales of new products. (OBrien, 1997,P31) A Decision Support System is an interactive information system that rely on integrated user-friendly hardware and software designed to assist mangers make decisions related to the efficient and profitable running of the business. Expert systems can provide expert advice for operational chores like equipment diagnostics, or managerial decisions such as loan portfolio management. (OBrien, 1997,P32) Expert systems have been developed for subjects such as medical diagnosis, oil exploration, financial planning, taxation return preparation, chemical analysis, surgery, weather prediction, computer repair, nuclear power plant operation, newspaper layout, interpreting government regulation, and troubleshooting computer systems configurations (eg. MS Help). (Long, 1994,P365-397) Finally, management information systems also have some limitations and some technology impact its development. The advance in management information system and technology are having important effects on managers and organisations. (Gareth, 2000,P629) One of the most important of these  involves the subjectivity of the scoring technique. Clearly establishing the extent to which a data attribute is inherent in any one data source is highly judgemental. Likewise, establishing weightings for each attribute is also a highly subjective process. These tasks are therefore very much subject to the perception of the individuals who carry them out. This problem could be partly overcome by increasing the objectivity with which such estimates are made. Conclusion, Management information system is an information system that managers plan and design to provide themselves with the specific information they need. (Gareth, 2000,P615)This essay has Evaluated the contribution of Management Information System to Organisations. Including about Like as What factors determine the usefulness of information a manager; computer networks importance for management information development; different types of management information systems to use differences and how it is impact and limitation of information systems. From this essay, we can know MIS have some advantages for our used, however this tool is not perfect, also have limitations for it. So Managing a good company , need understand it first. Reference: Gareth R.Jones, Charles W.L. Hill Jennifer M.George, 2000, Contemporary management, The McGraw-Hill Companies, America. Kenneth C. Laudon Jane P. Laudon, 2002, Management Information Systems, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458,America. Galliers.R., 1992, Information System Research: issues,methods,and practical guidelines, Blackwell Scientific Publications,UK. Dyckman, T., Dukes, R., 1992, Intermediate Accounting, IRWIN, America. OBrien, J., 1997, Introduction to information, IRWIN, America. Stair.,R, Reynolds, G., 2001, Principles of Information Systems, Course Technology, Australia. Mitchell, Volking, Yan E. Management Decision. Analysing the quality of management information: A suggested framework, London,1993. Vol. 31, Iss. 8; pg. 12, 8 pgs. Larry Long, Computers and Information Systems, 4th Ed., 1994, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 0-13-497884-6, chapter. 12, pages 365 397 Krumwiede, Kip. Cost Management Update. Survey reveals factors affecting, Montvale: Apr 1996. p. 1 (2 pages) URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2003res_id=xri:pqdrft_val_fmt=ori:fmt:kev:mtx:journalgenre=articlerft_id=xri:pqd:did=000000009475160svc_dat=xri:pqil:fmt=textreq_dat=xri:pqil:pq_clntid=20901 Grover Dunn, Debra K Walker, Steve Hannaford. Air Force Journal of Logistics. Information technology, Gunter AFS: Spring 2003. Vol. 27, Iss. 1; p. 14. URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2003res_id=xri:pqdrft_val_fmt=ori:fmt:kev:mtx:journalgenre=articlerft_id=xri:pqd:did=000000382958551svc_dat=xri:pqil:fmt=textreq_dat=xri:pqil:pq_clntid=20901 Steven A Morris, Thomas E Marshall, R Kelly Rainer Jr. Information Resources Management Journal. Impact of user satisfaction and trust on virtual team members, Hershey: Apr-Jun 2002. Vol. 15, Iss. 2; p. 22 (9 pages)

The Newly Proposed Copyright Law in Germany :: Music Copyrights Ethics Essays

The Newly Proposed Copyright Law in Germany Up to now copyright laws are heterogeneous throughout Europe, even amongst the member nations of the European Union. For example, in the UK manufacturers of recording and duplication hard- and software are not charged a fee per sold unit that goes to an association representing the body of copyright owners while in most other European countries this fee exists. In order to create a more homogeneous business environment the European Parliament passed new regulatory boundaries for copyright laws that now have to be transformed into national law by all member nations1. Currently, Germany is in the process of doing so and the government proposed a new law that raises a lot of protest from different organizations. Among them are various universities, the Chaos Computer Club 2 and Ver.di 3. Together they represent a wide spectrum of the body of consumers. Status quo of copyright in Germany The copyright law as it is active today in Germany does not only protect the rights of the owner of content, but also those of the content consumers. It's purpose is to function as a mediator between the two parties, serving both as a protection against plagiarism and an enabler of fair use. A central aspect of fair use is the private copy of content. The consumer is allowed to make copies of any content he legally possesses, regardless of the type of content or the media that conveys it. For example it is perfectly legal to record radio or television broadcast, make a copy of your favorite CD for use in a car, or encode it as MP3 to load the songs on a MP3 player, Software or movies on DVDs can be copied for back up purposes in case the original media gets destroyed. Schools and Universities enjoy special freedoms. Without special authorization of the content owners they are allowed to reproduce or show any content they legally own for educational purposes. Even though lectures at universities and schools are open to the public. Libraries have the duty, by law, to preserve as much content as possible and make it accessible to the public. Buying content once entitles libraries to make the purchased copy available to the public. The function of libraries is not restricted print media, it also includes audio and video. The proposed new copyright law In important points, the proposed law is quite similar to the DMCA in the United States.

Coffee Industry Trends Essay

Coffee shops are considered to be specialty eateries, which also includes retail outlets that offer bagels, donuts, ice cream and frozen yogurt. In 2011 there were around 20,000 coffee shops in the United States with combined revenues of $10 billion. 70% of the sales are generated by the top 50 coffee shop operators. There are local mom and pop operators competing alongside of Starbucks and other national brands. The number of coffee shops like Starbucks rose in 2004, but leveled off in the recession of 2008. The number of establishments has grown faster than the number of firms. So while there are quite a few startups, those start- ups are starting up more and more shops. International business is becoming more and more important in this industry. Starbucks reported to have 5,500 international locations in 2010. Starbucks is getting ready to open their first shop in Vietnam. Vietnam is a country with strong coffee traditions and many local independent shops. In 2012, the National Coffee Association conducted a study and they found that over 75% of adults living in the US drink coffee and of those, 58% drink it daily. The age group 25-39 went from 44% drinking daily to 54%. Why the increase? Most felt better about their finances. There are still more Americans drinking coffee than tea. There are 183 million coffee drinkers to 173. 5 million tea drinkers. There has been a surge of national quick service and fast food chains entering the market. McDonalds introduced their specialty coffee line, McCafe in 2005, Burger King has BK Joe, Chick-Fil-A has Cafe blends, 7-Eleven has World Roasts, and Dunkin Donuts has lattes and cappuccinos that they introduced in 2003. Because of increased competition, many companies are trying to increase their sales thru whole and ground coffee. Many are selling thru grocery stores, specialty food stores, and also the internet. This helps build brand awareness and also brings people into the coffee shop itself. 85% of coffee drinkers make their coffee at home and now they have more ways to make their own specialty and espresso as well. These companies are actually competing against themselves as they manufacture coffee for the Keurig and Vue machines. The average consumption of coffee has actually fallen slightly in the last 30 years, but is projected to remain stable over the next five years.

Philippine Literature During the Japanese Era Essay

During the Japanese Occupation, when Tagalog was favored by the Japanese military authority, writing in English was consigned to limbo. It picked up after the war, however, with a fervor and drive for excellence that continue to this day. Stevan Javellana’s â€Å"Without Seeing the Dawn† (1947), the first postwar novel in English, was published in the United States. In 1946, the Barangay Writers Project was founded to help publish books in English. Against a background marked by political unrest and government battles with Hukbalahap guerrillas, writers in English in the postwar period honed their sense of craft and techniques. Among the writers who came into their own during this time were: Nick Joaquin, NVM Gonzalez, Francisco Arcellana, Carlos Bulosan, F. Sionil Jose, Ricaredo Demetillo, Kerima Polotan Tuvera, Carlos Angeles, Edilberto K. Tiempo, Amador Daguio, Estrella Alfon, Alejandrino Hufana, Gregorio Brillantes, Bienvenido Santos, Dominador Ilio, T.D. Agcaoili, Alejandro R. Roces, Sinai C. Hamada, Linda Ty-Casper, Virginia Moreno, Luis Dato, Gilda Cordero-Fernando, Abelardo and Tarrosa Subido, Manuel A. Viray, Vicente Rivera Jr., and Oscar de Zuà ±iga, among many others. Read more:  The Virgin by Kerima Polotan Fresh from studies in American universities, usually as Fulbright or Rockefeller scholars, a number of these writers introduced New Criticism to the country and applied its tenets in literature classes and writing workshops. In this way were born the Silliman Writers Summer Workshop (started in 1962 by Edilberto K. Tiempo and Edith L. Tiempo) and the U.P. Writers Summer Workshop (started in 1965 by the Department of English at the U.P.). To this day, these workshops help discover writing talents and develop them in their craft. Culture The arrival of the Japanese caused tremendous fear, hardships and suffering among the Filipinos. The Filipino way of life was greatly affected during the Japanese period. The Filipinos lost their freedom of speech and expression. The development of art was also stopped. Filipinos greatly feared the â€Å"zoning†. There were Filipinos spies hired by the Japanese to point those who were suspected of being part of the guerilla movement. The Japanese made some changes in the system of education. Music Despite the terror and uncertainty brought by the Second World War and the Japanese rule in the country, playing and listening to music were among the leisure activities that somehow made life bearable for Filipinos. Under their rule, the Japanese imposed their own music on the country. Japanese music was heard daily in radio broadcasts. Their songs were also taught in public schools. Students, however, never took these songs to heart. The performance of jazz and Western music identified with the allied nations of the war was prohibited. Hence, the Japanese held conferences and lectures on Oriental music in Manila with the hope of diverting the loyalty of the Filipinos away from the Americans. The first was a Japanese Musical Mission to the Philippines held on May 7, 1943, with the support of the New Philippine Musical Federation headed by Kosak Yamada. The Japanese nevertheless encouraged the creation and performance of music with native themes through music contests. Concerts were also a common form of amusement for Filipinos at the time and the Metropolitan Theater became an important venue for cultural events. Classical music, including opera, flourished during the war. For instance, the New Philippine Symphony, the first all-Filipino orchestra, was organized. It performed an all-Philippine symphonic program in July 1942, with Francisco Santiago as conductor. The Philippine Conservatory of Music, an affiliate of the Philippine Women’s University, was one of the few music schools in the country that opened during the war. Music-making remained a popular pastime in homes. Families sang and played musical instruments to entertain themselves. On special occasions, families held special concerts for themselves, as well as their friends. All these prove that even during turbulent times, Filipinos’ love of music could never be suppressed. Poetry Three types of poems emerged during this period. They were: 1. Haiku – a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines. The first line had 5 syllables, the second, 7 syllables, and the third, five. The Haiku is allegorical in meaning, is short and covers a wide scope in meaning. 2. Tanaga – like the Haiku, is short but it had measure and rhyme. Each line had 17 syllables and it’s also allegorical in meaning. 3. Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form) – like those mentioned earlier in the beginning chapters of this book. Drama The drama experienced a lull during the Japanese period because movie houses showing American films were closed. The big movie houses were just made to show stage shows. Many of the plays were reproductions of English plays to Tagalog. The translators were Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Alberto Concio , and Narciso Pimentel. They also founded the organization of Filipino players named Dramatic Philippines. A few of playwriters were: 1. Jose Ma. Hernandez – wrote PANDAY PIRA 2. Francisco Soc Rodrigo – wrote sa PULA, SA PUTI 3. Clodualdo del Mundo – wrote BULAGA (an expression in the game Hide and Seek). 4. Julian Cruz Balmaceda – wrote SINO BA KAYO?, DAHIL SA ANAK, and HIGANTE NG PATAY. C. Short Story The field of the short story widened during the Japanese Occupation. Many wrote short stories. Among them were: Brigido Batungbakal , Macario Pineda, Serafin Guinigindo , Liwayway Arceo , Narciso Ramos, NVM Gonzales, Alicia Lopez Lim, Ligaya Perez, and Gloria Guzman. The best writings in 1945 were selected by a group of judges composed of francisco icasiano , jose esperanza cruz, antonio rosales, clodualdo del mundo and teodoro santos. As a result of this selection, the following got the first three prizes: first prize: narciso reyes with his lupang tinubuan second prize: liwayway arceo’s uhaw ang tigang na lupa third prize: nvm gonzales’ lunsod nayon at dagat-dagatan Noteworthy writer of the period was Carlos P. Romulo who won the Pulitzer Prize for his bestsellers I SAW THE FALL OF THE PHILIPPINES, I SEE THE PHILIPPINES RISE and his MOTHER AMERICA AND MY BROTHER AMERICANS. Journalists include Salvador P. Lopez, Leon Ma. Geurrero, Raul Manglapuz and Carlos Bulosan. Nick Joaquin produced THE WOMAN WHO LOOKED LIKE LAZARUS. Fred Ruiz Castro wrote a few poems. F.B. Icasino wrote essays in The Philippine Review. Literature Because of the strict prohibitions imposed b the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period. The few who dared to write did so for their bread and butter or for propaganda. Writings that came out during this period were journalistic in nature. Writers felt suppressed but slowly, the spirit of nationalism started to seep into their consciousness. While some continued to write, the majority waited for a better climate to publish their works. Carlos Bulosan’s works included THE LAUGHTER OF MY FATHER (1944), THE VOICE OF BATAAN, 1943, SIX FILIPINO POETS, 1942, among others. Alfredo Litiatco published With Harp and Sling and in 1943, Jose P. Laurel published Forces that Make a Nation Great. The Commonwealth Literary Awards gave prizes to meritorious writers. Those who won were: 1. LIKE THE MOLAVE – by Rafael Zulueta da Costa (Poetry) 2. HOW MY BROTHER LEON BROUGTH HOME A WIFE – by Manuel E. Arguilla (Short Story) 3. LITERATURE AND SOCIETY – by Salvador P. Lopez (Essay) 4. HIS NATIVE SOIL – by Juan Laya (Novel) President Manuel L. Quezon’s autobiography THE GOOD FIGHT was published posthumously. Radio broadcasts echoed the mingled fear and doubts in the hearts of the people. Other writers of this period were Juan Collas (19440, Tomas Confesor (1945), Roman A. de la Cruz and Elisa Tabuà ±ar .

How Important Is Home Stay To Thai Tourism Tourism Essays

How Important Is Home Stay To Thai Tourism Tourism Essays How Important Is Home Stay To Thai Tourism Tourism Essay How Important Is Home Stay To Thai Tourism Tourism Essay one of the most popular place stay finishs in the North which is over developed, and Chiang Khan in Loei state , a development place stay finish in the nor-east of Thailand. Some people said that Chiang Khan is Pai of the yesteryear. Within Pai itself, there is a motion to defy against the surpluss that has spoilt Pai and destroyed its peaceable rural character that had drawn people to it in the first topographic point. Thailand is a underdeveloped state that attempts to turn and touristry is an industry that can significantly assist excite economic growing. Consequently, when place stay touristry improves, it will spread out the power of supply and assist pull more tourers. Therefore, sustainable development is the better manner to equilibrate the development and maintain the original character. Logically, the more travel finishs developed, the more tourers will come and the more money the state will gain. Keywords: Home stay, Thailand, Sustainable development Introduction Tourism makes a major part to Thailand s economic system. Most tourers come to Thailand for assorted grounds largely for the beaches and relaxation. The friendly, easy-going ways of the Thai people besides proves a draw to most tourers, every bit good as the rich Thai civilization, imposts and history. The new selling motto which was adopted in mid 2009, Amazing Thailand, Amazing Value , and the authorities s stimulation bundle besides seemed to hold helped change by reversal the downward tendency for the latter half of 2009 and for the present twelvemonth. Furthermore, presents, most people are concerned about the consequence of planetary heating and are returning to nature ; in another word Green has become a new motto for tourers. Not merely Green but besides Sustainable are the popular words more and more tourers are fanning out into the countryside to be closer to nature. Consequently, rural touristry makes usage of the countryside as a finish. It is a important sector of overall touristry market in many states. It will impact non merely the environment but besides the economic system and societal construction of the countryside. The figure of activities that tourers participate in has grown. For illustration, agri-tourism ( agricultural, festivals and other cultural events ) , green touristry ( considered to be more environmentally friendly ) and ecotourism ( nature touristry ) . Home stay is a portion of rural touristry. In add-on, sustainable touristry development is synonymous with rural touristry. Nowadays, place stay to uristry in Thailand has become really popular for both domestic and foreign tourers. Part of the ground may be due to the consequence of the universe economic crisis, with most tourers worrying about their budget and traveling in this sort of place stay touristry costs less. So, the Thai Government quickly develop Thai place stay to run into this new demand for economical bundles. But it can be a two-edged blade with both positive and negative sides. Therefore, we must happen the right balance. Definition of Home stay Home stay is a signifier of touristry that allows the visitant to lease a room from a local household to remain and better larn the local life style and portion their civilization. It is comparable to the western construct of bed and breakfasts. A place stay belongings is a non-commercialized, private abode that accommodates paying guest ( s ) who enjoy remaining in the comfort and security of a household place. In Thailand, the history of place stay began with pupils who were voluntaries for rural development cantonments and who stayed with the local people during the class of their cantonment. Then, National Economic and Social program 8th emphasized the development of communities and decentalisation to local countries and place stay had its first formal acknowledgment. The attractive force of place stay is the manner of life of the local people and natural attractive forces are non ever considered an indispensable portion. There are two types of place stay in Thailand which are th e original and practical . In the original place stay construct, tourers stay with the host and unrecorded under the same conditions as the proprietor. In the practical place stay, conditions are improved for more physical comfort but the construct of an easy manner of life and alone civilization is non abandoned. However, the significance of place stay is engagement in community life in which local people manage activities together. The activities vary from topographic point to topographic point and harmonizing to seasonal fluctuations. They may include Thai culinary, Thai massage, farm life etc. Furthermore, OTOP ( One tambon one merchandise ) is a construct whereby local people are encouraged to do local merchandises for sale to hike their income. The proprietors are encouraged to believe that each visitant is a invitee, non merely a tourer ( tourismthailand.org ) . They are a portion of the household. Home stay is merely another occupation for the place proprietor. When tourers come he will widen them his welcome but he still retains his chief occupation such as fisherman or husbandman. The advantages of place stay are the local cognition that will be gained from the host, understanding the easy manner of life and see the natural kindness of the local people. Furthermore, the local peopl e receive more income but they do non abandon their chief occupation. In add-on, they portion the experience with the tourers, acquire more friends and the community can go strong. In the age of globalisation, many people live in a competitory universe so many people now want to research the easy life and a life of simple sufficiency as an alternate manner of life. An extra benefit of place stay adjustment is that most of the money earned goes to the grassroot local people, instead into a big pudding stone? The local place proprietors get most of the money paid by the tourers. This has a more significant benefit to a community, instead that if a big hotel concatenation was to open a big hotel and simply employ local people as hotel staff. Most of the net incomes will so travel to the hotel concatenation, with most of it likely sent out of the state. The proprietor and adjustment should run into the criterion of place stay in Thailand. The Tourism Authority of Thailand has set 10 criterions and 31 indexs. Demand for place stay in Thailand The bulk of income in Thailand comes from agribusiness and touristry. Income from touristry is important for the Thai economic system in footings of spread outing and stableness of the economic system. Tourism in Thailand caters both to domestic and foreign travellers. Nowadays, Thailand in faced with negative state of affairss which decreased the assurance of tourers from 2008 until now. TAT expects the figure of international tourers will turn at about 7 to 10 % to about 15.0 to 15.5 million in 2010 ( Tourism Authority of Thailand.com ) . The Bank of Thailand stated that there are 1.6 million foreign tourers who traveled to Thailand in February 2010 which represented a bead from last twelvemonth. Domestic tourers were non peculiarly affected by the political state of affairs. It was more influenced by the economic lag and fluctuating oil monetary values in the first and 2nd quarters of 2009. Local travellers have changed their traveling wonts, are more witting of travel disbur sals, and are be givening to see tourer finishs closer to place ( Tourism Authority of Thailand.com ) . The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board predicted the economic system would turn at 3 to 4 % due to the planetary economic recovery and the authorities s Thai Khem Khaeng ( Stronger Thailand ) economic stimulation programme. New tourer attractive forces and activities that reflect the civilization and manner of a peculiar part will besides be introduced. Therefore, the authorities supports and purposes at the recovery of the Thai touristry market through marketing runs viz. route shows to reconstruct the image of Thailand and promotional advertizements under the Amazing Thailand, Amazing Value construct. Home stay is one of the better finishs which has proved attractive to both international and domestic tourers. It is a portion of touristry in Thailand which continues to turn and gain income because it is set in rural countries far from the negative effects of political perturbations, is non expensive and brings visitants into close contact with nature. The tourers can loosen up among friendly local people. Therefore, the measuring and apprehension of the demand and supply for touristry is of import to overall touristry planning and direction. We will cognize overall image of the development, growing and value of touristry. All tourist behaviour or activity consequences from motive. Motivation is the context of the demand for touristry. Motivations have both push and pull factors together. The push factors are socio-psychological motivations ( person-specific factors ) . The pull factors are motivations aroused by the finish ( destination-specific factors ) . Tourists who go to place stay finishs normally have both push and pull factors. They want to loosen up, be near to nature and portion cognition, which are push factors. The pull factors are from the easy manner of life of the people, alone civilization and eco-friendliness. For illustration, a mini-farm is a magnet for tourers who travel with kids. Largely, domestic tourers normally go to place stay by auto because some topographic points are non far from urban centres such as Bangkok. It does non take excessively much clip to plunge oneself in relaxation, fresh air and flight from the complicated metropolis life. In contrast, international tourers largely are backpackers normally stay a long clip in place corsets because of inexpensive monetary values but besi des because of the composure, relaxed life manner and the ability to research new experience. Supply of the Home stay in Thailand On the supply side, the development of place stay is go oning in Thailand. It is stimulated by the demand which comes from tourer demands. Some people want more comfort, some want field, simple installations, others demand higher criterions. So, the local people work together toward the development of criterions for place stay installations in Thailand. Sometime, the popularity of a finish can take to mass touristry. Mass touristry is a state of affairs where a big figure of tourers go to one topographic point, sometime taking to an overload of local installations. This can take to farther development of conveyance and other public-service corporations until the easy manner of life disappears. Furthermore, it will adversely impact to the environment. Pai in Mae Hong Son state and Chiang Khan in Loei state are illustrations of popular place stay finishs in Thailand that have been developed to different grades. One has already been spoilt and the other is defying against a inclination toward over development. Pai is a little territory in Mae Hong Son which was an ideal finish, being nestled in a little vale surrounded by mountains with cool conditions. It was a romantic topographic point with friendly people can rich civilization. Some people have referred to the small town as called Uto-Pai, miming the name Utopia of Sir Thomas More. All this has made Pai really good known as caches of tourers are drawn to it. Material development followed and shortly the little small town of Pai had its ain air strip where tourers can get after a mere 25 proceedingss from Chiang Mai. Hotels and resorts besides sprang up in its aftermath. All these development had a negative consequence on the local dweller ; while they used to be wont to retiring to bed early after a difficult twenty-four hours s work, they are now disturbed by loud music at amusement topographic points tardily at dark. Music festivals became hebdomadal events in the winter months. Some local people sold their land to capitalists and travel to the foothills for the interest of peace and quiet. These alterations reflect the fact that Pai is altering quickly in both positive and negative ways. In add-on, local kids are falling to enticements from the western ways of tourers. Some local people said these development are more like impairment. Not merely Pai but Chiang Khan ( a territory on the bank of the Mekong river in Loei state ) , a comparatively recent place stay finish, is confronting similar jobs. The struggle between local people and authorities is looming. The authorities wants to develop the town to provide to more and more tourers, but many local people want to see a steady growing of Chiang Khan. They want Chiang Khan to be strong, to retain its rural qualities and command itself. They do non desire more bright visible radiations in Chiang Khan, do non desire to follow the modern tendency because tourers come and go quickly and make non remain a long clip. Nowadays, some of the local people in Chiang Khan are already shuting rank in a battle against quickly over development. They have formed a touristry association within which they discussed the jobs of Westernization and over development which has plagued Pai. They have started a web site where every one is welcomed to add remarks. They are contending again st bright visible radiations, loud music and weekend concerts that have combined to destruct Pai s rural character. They want touristry in Chiang Khan to be sustainable. They do non desire Chiang Khan to hold luxury boutique hotels , modern saloon or franchise java store ironss. They want Chiang Khan to retain its rural character with an easy manner of life, place corsets based on original houses without luxuriant ornament, so when tourers come they will experience like they are the portion of the household and java is still hand-brewed traditional java. Some people said that Chiang Khan is Pai of the yesteryear. Therefore, before Chiang Khan alterations like Pai we must to assist each other. Sustainable development of Home stay in Thailand Tourism, if developed locally, can assist to ease the poorness job, cut down income disparity and accomplish a friendly environment every bit good as common prosperity. Tourism brings non merely benefits but besides costs and if non good managed may sabotage its sustainability in the long tally. In Thailand, touristry has a positive income bring forthing consequence but potentially worsening income distribution ( Mingsan Kaosa-ard 2006 ) . The best manner to equilibrate the development is through sustainable development in which every portion must work together. Sustainable Development is development that satisfies the client demands now but does non destruct tomorrow s resources. The Pareto Optimum provinces that no 1 can be made better off by doing person worse off ( businessdictionary.com ) . Customer demands lead to marketing research and stuff development. That is the selling procedure. After that, planning and direction are indispensable for accomplishing successful touristry development. Sustainable Tourism Development emphasizes the direction of touristry industry must accommodate itself harmonizing to the altering face of the universe in term of sustainable form. There are three parametric quantities of sustainability which are economic ( good being ) , environment ( ecological balance ) and socio-cultural considerations ( Sense of community and security ) . For illustration, the development should makes more money while at the same clip hold a minimal consequence on the environment and social-cultural model. The key to sustainable touristry development is to educate communities so that they understand the negative impacts of mass touristry and the bound to the ecosystem s carrying capacity, and to develop diversified tourer merchandises that can minimise the negative impact of mass touristry. For case, in France they have standard and label for adjustment which confirm the criterion and measure the criterion and quality every five old ages. The label is one of selling scheme which make good image of the merchandise. Furthermore, they separate the demand equal in every countries and every portion works together. Those are the good illustration for the development of place stay which Thailand should accommodate for the development of place stay in Thailand. Amphawa drifting market ( Plai Pong Pag community ) is a good illustration of place stay in Thailand which supports many tourers every twelvemonth. It affects the quality of life of the local people, while the quickly lifting figure of tourers has inescapably led to a impairment in the environment. Most of the place stay topographic points have non attained the criterion of place stay in Thailand even though this is the first community to establish the construct of place stay, but they have failed to run into the place stay criterions. Because some place stay have transformed their places so much that they became more like resorts and they do non fit the makings of the place stay standard. Home stay will acquire the criterion when they do non add more edifice and tourers must remain with the proprietor. Harmonizing to that job, National economic and societal program 9th stated that sustainable touristry in Thailand which wants to be a quality finish and ready in supply of touristry f or support many tourers. We can convey cognition of France to Thailand ; non in its entireness but we can accommodate it. The authorities should hold an effectual and systemic program such as puting policies or Torahs for the community and supply for punishments for perpetrators. It is difficult for the authorities in Thailand to widen proper attention to the place stay concern in some communities because the local people worry about revenue enhancement and are non ever forthcoming with information for the authorities. So, the authorities should set up an institute which can win the assurance of the local people and show the significance of the criterion and effectual direction to the local people. The negative impacts on Pai and Chiang Khan happened because of civilisation, but the impact on Amphawa was due to the ignorance of the local people. Therefore, the development is a two-edged blade that can hold both advantages and disadvantages if we are uneffective. The best solution is the cooperation of everybody, get downing with community engagement and the support of the authorities. The authorities decentralizes budgets to the community but continue to give proficient advices to the local people. After that, policies such as the bound on the figure of tourers will go on non merely to care for the environment but for the interest of tourers who do non desire to be in a topographic point crowded with other tourers ; they can loosen up and be closer to nature. Furthermore, the local people can take attention of all tourers like a portion of the household. Do non bury that sustainable development is the better manner of development and sustainable concern three things which are e conomic system, environment and besides socio-cultural parts. Decision In decision, touristry constitutes a major portion of the Thai economic system, embracing both domestic and international tourers. Home stay is an alternate signifier of touristry which is based in the rural country that tourists stay and unrecorded with the local people. They can portion the experience and civilization. In Thailand, place stay began with the pupil voluntary for rural development cantonments and after National economic and societal program 8th place stay was developed until now. The motives for travel place stay have both push and pull factors. The push factors normally are for relaxation. Largely, domestic tourers go to place stay by auto and relax for two or three yearss, but international tourers frequently stay much longer. The pull factors normally are the easy manner of life, close contact with nature and fresh air. Material development is important for place stay because it has both positive and negative sides. Material development can assist pull tourers, alt hough consideration must be given to suited signifiers of development that should non destruct the original attractive force of the topographic point. It is a good selling scheme to better the quality of place stay adjustment. The place stay criterions have been laid down in Thailand, but most of the place corsets in Thailand still do non run into them, such as in Amphawa. Furthermore, some topographic points such as Pai is overloaded with tourers while Chiang Khan is still seeking to defy this tendency toward over-development. Pai and Chiang Khan show both advantages and disadvantages of stuff development. The solution for a balance is sustainability which centres on economic, environmental and socio-cultural considerations. France can be a good illustration for sustainable development. Thai place stay should accommodate it and follow it right now. The authorities should get down by educating the local people and so transport out research on client demands, selling scheme, planning and direction. In add-on, strong policies are important, with a demand for punishments for those who break the regulations. The importance is the cooperation of everybody in the state, because everybody is portion of the patterned advance of Thailand.

The most popular series for college students

The most popular series for college students Most Popular series HBO for students Are you looking for a good series to watch with your friends? Then look through the list of the best HBO series of all time. Exciting plot, perfect acting, special effects, and good company – everything you need for relaxation after classes. Just choose series that interested you most of all and plunge into the world of unforgettable experiences together with its characters. Westworld Lisa Joy, Jonathan Nolan Anthony Hopkins, Evan Rachel Wood, Ed Harris, Thandie Newton, Jimmi Simpson, Jeffrey Wright, James Marsden Westworld is an American science fiction western thriller television series. It was created by Lisa Joy and Jonathan Nolan for HBO. It is a screen remake of Michael Crichton`s 1973 film of the same name. This 10-episode series is about the evolution of sin and the artificial consciousness. The main characters reveal the dark truths about themselves and prove that it is our past experiences that form our current selves. You will see how it can be difficult sometimes to carve your own path in life. The CGI technology and creativity of Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy made each episode haunting. Girls Lena Dunham Alex Karpovsky, Lena Dunham, Adam Driver, Allison Williams, Zosia Mamet, Jemima Kirke Lena Dunham refuses to conform to identity politics in her series. Nobody will make her conform to a prevailing ideology. There are times when she protects women`s rights and there are times when she hates feminists. There are times when she is a loyal liberal and there are times when liberals want to get rid of her. Lena Dunham just tries to tell her story honestly. The experiences of her main characters reflect something that can happen with girls in real life. Bored to Death Creator: Jonathan Ames Stars: Heather Burns, Jason Schwartzman, Ted Danson, Zach Galifianakis The ridiculous misadventures of Brooklyn writer and faux detective Jonathan Ames and his friends won`t leave you indifferent. This TV series is something special for students. It keeps the most crucial moments in secret. You will find yourself in the little world of the writer who does his best and reveals his creativity to change his life. This TV adventure is really unforgettable. Sex and the City Darren Star Cynthia Nixon, Kim Cattrall, Sarah Jessica Parker, Kristin Davis The HBO television series 'Sex and the City' received an Emmy nomination for Best Comedy Series as nominations were announced in Los Angeles, July 12, 2001. Cast members shown (L-R) are Kim Cattrall, Cynthia Nixon, Kristin Davis, Sarah Jessica Parker. The Emmy Awards will be presented in Los Angeles September 16. REUTERS/Nigel Parry/HBO/Handout This TV series will definitely go down in history. â€Å"Sex and the City† remains one of the most incredible TV moments of all times. It is a loud call for agency among the marginalized women. You will plunge into the world of sexuality and romance with Samantha Jones, Miranda Hobbes, Carrie Bradshaw, and Charlotte York. They talk about their travels in life, their sexual fantasies and desires, lesbianism and love. Curb Your Enthusiasm Creator: Larry David Stars: Susie Essman, Larry David, Jeff Garlin, Cheryl Hines This TV series was HBO`s trademark comedy throughout the last decade. It was Larry David`s masterful escalation from rage to annoyance to embarrassment and the acting of his fantastic cast that made this show so incredible. The main character irritates everybody, gets into troubles, and pretends that he did nothing wrong. You will laugh throughout the show. Enlightened Creator: Mike White and Laura Dern Stars: Diane Ladd, Luke Wilson, Laura Dern, Sarah Burns â€Å"Enlightened† is one of the decade`s best TV series. It is full of hope, satisfaction, failures, and life disappointments. Amy Jellicoe tries to reinvent the world, change herself, rebuild her relationships, and approach perfection. Some life circumstances lead her to a mental breakdown. However, she is sure that she should change her life dramatically to find happiness and achieve success. The Sopranos Davis Chase Stars: Robert Iler, James Gandolfini, Tony Sirico, Lorraine Bracco, Steven Van Zandt, Edie Falco, Dominic Chianese, Michael Imperioli The remorseless killer, mob boss, goodhearted friend, loving father and husband Tony Soprano deals with professional and personal issues in his home and business. His way of life affects his mental state in a great way as he tries to balance between good and evil. This extraordinary television series will make you sure that even murderers can have some feelings, justifications, and aspirations. Game of Thrones Creator: D.B. Weiss, David Benioff Stars: Aidan Gillen, Emilia Clarke, Kit Harington, Lena Headey, Peter Dinklage, Sophie Turner, Maisie Williams, Nikolai Coster-Waldau This geopolitical drama is so epic and breathtaking that you won`t take your eyes of the screen. You will be astonished with the quick nobility of Jon Snow, the quick wit of Tyrion and Varys, the complicated redemption of Jaime, the defiant spunk of Arya, and the heartless villainy of Tywin Lannister.This series was criticized for its brutal rape scenes and gratuitousnudity, but its depiction of one of the strongest female characters on TV was something special. Insecure Creator: Larry Wilmore and Issa Rae Stars: Lisa Joyce, Jay Ellis, Issa Rae, Yvonne Orji This series is about the awkward experiences and racy tribulations of a modern African-American woman. The comedy about the misadventures of the awkward black girl tackles many important issues such as individual biases in the workplace or reckoning with institutional racism. Behind the humor the main characters try to grapple with conflicts inside and outside black culture.   Oz Tom Fontana Dean Winters, Eamonn Walker, Lee Tergesen, J.K. Simmons, Harold Perrineau, Rita Moreno, George Morfogen, Christopher Meloni, Terry Kinney, Ernie Hudson, Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, Kirk Acevedo This series is about the unpredictable stress and violence of the daily living in prison. It explores all aspects of life in a correctional facility – wars between gangs, drugs, sex, and violence. â€Å"Oz† is a nickname for this extremely controlled environment where everything is done to ease tensions among various groups of prisoners.

To what extent have policies aimed at enhancing flexibility been Essay

To what extent have policies aimed at enhancing flexibility been successful in reducing unemployment in Europe since the early 1990s - Essay Example um wages and policies of the labor market to empower employees, discouraging the employers from flexible working practices that could boost employment. It also affected the rates of tax, thereby making it difficult for employers to absorb more employees in from the labor market (Brodsky 1994 p. 68) The policy on minimum wages does not help employers in hiring more workers, especially the unskilled entry level graduates. It is believed that the rate of unemployment in Europe has steadily increased from 1970 to a high of more than 8% of the labor force in 2002. From 1990 and 1993, unemployment increased by 2.3%. This is an indicator of failure of labor market policies to enhance employment creation. It is mainly attributed to their rigidity. In order to solve this problem, â€Å"the OECD recommended an improvement in labor market flexibilities† (Brodsky 1994 p. 60) which include; non-wage labor cost reductions, enhancement of income re-distribution through re-assessment of the role of statutory minimum wages, job security provisions reforms and reforms in the benefits related to unemployment. These were the major policy drivers in Europe employed to reduce unemployment. Research indicates that the benefits associated with unemployment are highest in the European Union. More over, they are known to be prolonged and easily accessible to the population of the unemployed in the labor market. This is one factor that is seen to maintain the high unemployment rates. This provides evidence of lack of enough labor market flexibility that could enhance employment. It is what Nickell (1998) describes as â€Å"generous replacement rates† which have maintained the high unemployment patterns in European Countries. Even though there have been several draw backs in the efforts to reduce unemployment, the active labor market policies have served as a major tool for the government to increase the capability and motivation towards taking up the available jobs, including part time jobs.